8+ Philip Pullman Books in Order: Your Guide


8+ Philip Pullman Books in Order: Your Guide

Understanding the sequence of works by this acclaimed writer can considerably improve the reader’s expertise. As an example, studying the His Darkish Supplies trilogy earlier than its companion works offers a foundational understanding of the core narrative and characters, permitting subsequent explorations of associated tales and universes to resonate extra deeply. Chronological publication order is another, showcasing the writer’s improvement and evolving themes throughout their profession.

Selecting a particular studying order offers a framework for navigating the advanced interconnectedness of the writer’s varied sequence, stand-alone novels, and shorter works. This strategy affords a extra coherent understanding of recurring motifs, character improvement, and the evolution of the writer’s distinctive world-building. Appreciating the writer’s works of their supposed context whether or not by inner chronology or authorial intent can considerably enrich the readers analytical perspective and pleasure.

This text will additional discover totally different approaches to navigating this writer’s physique of labor, providing steerage tailor-made to particular reader pursuits, together with these of newcomers and long-time followers. It should focus on the deserves and downsides of every studying order, together with insightful commentary on particular person books and their place throughout the bigger literary panorama.

1. Publication Order

Publication order affords a singular lens by which to understand the event of Pullman’s literary model and thematic considerations. Analyzing the works chronologically as they have been launched offers insights into the writer’s evolving craft and the trajectory of their inventive imaginative and prescient. This strategy might be notably illuminating for long-time readers inquisitive about tracing the genesis and maturation of recurring motifs and narrative strategies throughout Pullman’s oeuvre.

  • Early Works and Influences

    Analyzing Pullman’s earlier novels, reminiscent of The Haunted Storm and Galatea, reveals foundational parts that later blossomed in his extra famend works. These early publications showcase nascent explorations of themes like mythology, morality, and the facility of storytelling, providing a glimpse into the writer’s formative influences and the gradual refinement of their distinctive voice.

  • The Growth of His Darkish Supplies

    Tracing the publication of the person volumes inside His Darkish SuppliesNorthern Lights, The Delicate Knife, and The Amber Spyglassilluminates the unfolding complexity of this landmark trilogy. Observing the development of the narrative, character improvement, and world-building throughout these three books offers a deeper understanding of Pullman’s inventive course of and the thematic tapestry he weaves.

  • Publish-His Darkish Supplies Explorations

    Analyzing the works printed after His Darkish Supplies, together with The Good Man Jesus and the Scoundrel Christ and The E book of Mud sequence, demonstrates Pullman’s continued exploration of advanced philosophical and theological themes. These later works usually have interaction with concepts launched in earlier publications, showcasing the interconnectedness of Pullman’s literary universe and his ongoing mental pursuits.

  • Quick Tales and Companion Works

    Pullman’s shorter fiction, collected in volumes like Lyra’s Oxford and As soon as Upon a Time within the North, offers additional glimpses into the world of His Darkish Supplies and expands upon its wealthy tapestry of characters and settings. These supplementary narratives improve the reader’s understanding of the broader narrative arc and deepen their appreciation for the writer’s world-building.

By contemplating publication order, readers acquire a deeper understanding of the trajectory of Pullman’s profession. This chronological perspective permits for an appreciation of the evolution of the writer’s writing model, the emergence and refinement of key themes, and the interconnectedness of the varied works, enriching the general expertise of partaking with Pullman’s literary panorama.

2. Inside Chronological Order

Inside chronological order presents another strategy to navigating Pullman’s work, specializing in the narrative timeline throughout the books themselves quite than their publication sequence. This technique affords a unique perspective on character improvement, plot development, and the unfolding of occasions throughout the writer’s fictional worlds. Understanding the interior chronology permits for a extra immersive expertise, notably inside interconnected sequence like His Darkish Supplies and The E book of Mud.

  • The E book of Mud‘s Placement

    La Belle Sauvage, the primary ebook in The E book of Mud, chronologically precedes the occasions of His Darkish Supplies. Starting with La Belle Sauvage affords a singular entry level into Lyra’s story, offering essential backstory and context for the unique trilogy. This placement highlights the interwoven nature of the 2 sequence and enriches the reader’s understanding of Lyra’s origins and future.

  • Lyra’s Journey Throughout the Collection

    Following Lyra’s journey by the interior chronology emphasizes the development of her character arc from infancy to maturity. Beginning with La Belle Sauvage and persevering with by His Darkish Supplies and The Secret Commonwealth affords a cohesive view of Lyra’s development, challenges, and evolving understanding of her world and her place inside it.

  • Standalone Novels and Their Chronological Context

    Whereas standalone novels like The Good Man Jesus and the Scoundrel Christ exist outdoors the principle narrative timelines, understanding their chronological context inside Pullman’s broader fictional world can improve their thematic resonance. Recognizing these connections can illuminate recurring motifs and philosophical explorations throughout the writer’s physique of labor.

  • Quick Tales and Novellas as Narrative Dietary supplements

    Quick tales reminiscent of these present in Lyra’s Oxford and As soon as Upon a Time within the North might be strategically built-in into the interior chronological order, including depth and nuance to the overarching narrative. These shorter works usually fill in narrative gaps, broaden on character backstories, or supply glimpses into pivotal moments throughout the bigger timelines of sequence like His Darkish Supplies.

Finally, studying Pullman’s work in inner chronological order offers a definite expertise, emphasizing narrative movement and character improvement throughout interconnected sequence. This strategy enhances the readers immersion within the authors fictional worlds and offers a deeper understanding of the intricate relationships between characters, occasions, and overarching themes.

3. His Darkish Supplies Primacy

His Darkish Supplies usually serves because the entry level for readers discovering Pullman’s work. This primacy influences discussions relating to studying order, as subsequent works steadily have interaction with its themes, characters, and settings. Understanding the trilogy’s central function inside Pullman’s oeuvre is essential for navigating the broader panorama of his interconnected narratives.

  • Gateway to Pullman’s World

    The trilogy’s widespread reputation and significant acclaim set up it as probably the most recognizable and accessible entry level into Pullman’s fictional universe. Its partaking narrative, advanced characters, and thought-provoking themes usually captivate readers, prompting additional exploration of associated works. This gateway operate influences recommended studying orders, usually positioning His Darkish Supplies because the foundational textual content.

  • Intertextual Connections with Different Works

    The E book of Mud, each previous and succeeding His Darkish Supplies chronologically, expands upon the unique trilogy’s narrative and thematic foundations. Standalone novels like The Good Man Jesus and the Scoundrel Christ, whereas unbiased narratives, have interaction with related philosophical and theological inquiries. Understanding these intertextual connections underscores the centrality of His Darkish Supplies inside Pullman’s broader literary undertaking.

  • Affect on Reader Expectations and Interpretations

    Experiencing His Darkish Supplies first shapes reader expectations and interpretations of subsequent works. Familiarity with its characters, settings, and thematic considerations influences how readers strategy later narratives, coloring their understanding of character improvement, plot development, and authorial intent. This preconditioning impact highlights the significance of contemplating His Darkish Supplies‘ affect when discussing optimum studying order.

  • Basis for Crucial Evaluation and Dialogue

    His Darkish Supplies offers an important framework for vital evaluation and scholarly dialogue of Pullman’s work as a complete. Its exploration of advanced themes like morality, faith, and the character of consciousness serves as a touchstone for decoding different narratives inside Pullman’s oeuvre. This foundational function solidifies the trilogy’s significance in understanding the writer’s overarching literary and philosophical undertaking.

The primacy of His Darkish Supplies considerably shapes approaches to Pullman’s work. Its affect on reader expectations, its intertextual connections with different narratives, and its function as a foundational textual content for vital evaluation underscore the significance of contemplating its place when navigating Pullman’s broader literary panorama. Whereas different entry factors exist, understanding the trilogy’s central place stays essential for appreciating the interconnectedness and thematic depth of his work.

4. Standalone Novels

Standalone novels symbolize a singular class inside Philip Pullman’s physique of labor, providing narratives distinct from interconnected sequence like His Darkish Supplies and The E book of Mud. Whereas these standalone works discover unbiased storylines and characters, their placement inside a broader studying order requires consideration on account of potential thematic resonances and insights into the writer’s evolving model and philosophical pursuits.

  • Impartial Narratives and Character Arcs

    Standalone novels present self-contained tales with distinct character arcs and thematic explorations. Works like The Good Man Jesus and the Scoundrel Christ supply distinctive views on non secular and philosophical questions, unbiased of the narratives inside His Darkish Supplies. This independence permits readers to interact with particular themes with out prior information of interconnected sequence.

  • Flexibility inside Studying Order

    Attributable to their narrative independence, standalone novels supply flexibility inside a selected studying order. They are often interspersed between sequence or learn independently with out considerably disrupting chronological or thematic continuity. This flexibility permits readers to tailor their strategy primarily based on particular person preferences or particular thematic pursuits.

  • Thematic Connections and Authorial Type

    Regardless of their narrative independence, standalone novels usually reveal thematic connections and stylistic continuities with Pullman’s broader physique of labor. Analyzing these works alongside interconnected sequence can illuminate recurring motifs, philosophical considerations, and the evolution of the writer’s writing model. As an example, recurring explorations of morality and human nature join standalone works to bigger themes current in sequence like His Darkish Supplies.

  • Increasing Views on Pullman’s Oeuvre

    Standalone novels contribute to a extra complete understanding of Pullman’s vary and flexibility as a author. They reveal the writer’s capacity to craft compelling narratives past the confines of established sequence, showcasing various storytelling approaches and thematic explorations. Participating with standalone works enriches the reader’s appreciation for the breadth and depth of Pullman’s literary contributions.

Finally, the combination of standalone novels right into a Philip Pullman studying order enhances the reader’s understanding of the writer’s various literary panorama. Whereas these works supply unbiased narratives, their thematic connections and stylistic echoes present worthwhile insights into Pullman’s overarching literary undertaking. Their versatile placement inside a selected studying order permits for customized exploration, catering to particular person preferences and fostering a deeper appreciation for the breadth and depth of Pullman’s inventive imaginative and prescient.

5. Quick Tales and Essays

Quick tales and essays, whereas usually ignored in discussions of studying order, supply worthwhile insights into Pullman’s inventive course of and thematic considerations. These shorter works present glimpses into the broader context of his fictional worlds, increasing upon established narratives and providing deeper explorations of recurring motifs. Their placement inside a studying order requires cautious consideration on account of their supplementary nature and potential to complement the reader’s understanding of bigger works.

  • Increasing Established Narratives

    Quick tales like these present in Lyra’s Oxford and As soon as Upon a Time within the North complement the narratives of His Darkish Supplies and The E book of Mud. They usually present extra particulars about characters, settings, and occasions, deepening the reader’s immersion in these fictional worlds. For instance, Lyra’s Oxford affords additional perception into Lyra’s life at Jordan School after the occasions of His Darkish Supplies, whereas As soon as Upon a Time within the North explores the backstory of Lee Scoresby.

  • Exploring Thematic Resonances

    Pullman’s essays and shorter works usually discover recurring themes current in his bigger novels. These shorter items present centered examinations of ideas like morality, free will, and the facility of storytelling. They provide readers a extra concentrated evaluation of those concepts, complementing their exploration throughout the broader narratives of works like His Darkish Supplies. Essays on storytelling, for instance, can illuminate Pullman’s strategy to narrative construction and character improvement throughout his oeuvre.

  • Placement inside a Studying Order

    The position of brief tales and essays inside a studying order can considerably influence their impact. Studying supplementary supplies alongside associated novels permits for instant contextualization and deeper engagement with particular characters or plot factors. Conversely, exploring these shorter works independently can supply a recent perspective on acquainted themes or present some extent of entry for brand spanking new readers. For instance, studying As soon as Upon a Time within the North earlier than His Darkish Supplies introduces Lee Scoresby in a compelling method, enhancing his subsequent appearances within the trilogy.

  • Illuminating the Creator’s Artistic Course of

    Essays and interviews can supply insights into Pullman’s inventive course of, influences, and views on literature and storytelling. These supplies can deepen the reader’s appreciation for the craft and artistry behind Pullman’s work, enhancing their understanding of the writer’s intentions and literary model. For instance, essays on Pullman’s influences can reveal the literary and philosophical traditions that inform his work.

Integrating brief tales and essays strategically inside a Philip Pullman studying order can considerably enrich the general studying expertise. These shorter works operate as each dietary supplements and enhances to the bigger novels, deepening thematic understanding, offering narrative context, and providing worthwhile insights into the writer’s inventive course of. Their versatile placement permits for a personalised strategy, enhancing engagement with Pullman’s advanced and interconnected fictional world.

6. Companion Books

Companion books play a major function in understanding the depth and breadth of Philip Pullman’s literary universe. These texts, usually encyclopedic in nature or providing behind-the-scenes views, present worthwhile context and enrich the studying expertise of his major works. Their placement inside a studying order requires cautious consideration, as they will each improve understanding and doubtlessly introduce spoilers relying on the reader’s prior familiarity with the core narratives. The Companion, for example, affords complete details about the world of His Darkish Supplies, however studying it earlier than the trilogy would possibly diminish the influence of discoveries made by the narrative itself. Conversely, consulting such a useful resource after finishing the trilogy can make clear ambiguities and deepen appreciation for the intricate particulars woven all through the story. Equally, companion books specializing in particular points, just like the artwork of His Darkish Supplies, present visible context and illuminate the collaborative course of concerned in bringing Pullman’s imaginative and prescient to life.

The choice of when to include companion books is determined by the person reader’s objectives. For these looking for a complete understanding of Pullman’s work, exploring companion books after finishing a sequence like His Darkish Supplies or The E book of Mud can present worthwhile insights into the writer’s world-building, character improvement, and thematic considerations. Conversely, readers looking for a extra curated expertise would possibly select to seek the advice of companion books selectively, specializing in particular areas of curiosity or utilizing them as reference supplies whereas progressing by the first narratives. The potential for spoilers necessitates cautious consideration of placement, making certain that supplementary data enhances quite than detracts from the preliminary studying expertise. For instance, a reader within the allegorical and symbolic parts of His Darkish Supplies would possibly seek the advice of scholarly analyses after finishing the trilogy to realize deeper interpretive insights with out prematurely revealing plot factors.

Efficient integration of companion books inside a Philip Pullman studying order enhances analytical engagement and fosters a extra complete appreciation for the writer’s intricate world-building. These assets supply worthwhile context, make clear narrative particulars, and illuminate the inventive course of behind the first works. Nonetheless, the potential for spoilers requires cautious consideration. Strategic placement ensures that supplementary data enriches the studying expertise with out diminishing the influence of preliminary discoveries throughout the narratives themselves. Balancing the need for complete information with the preservation of narrative suspense stays a key consideration for readers navigating the wealthy tapestry of Pullman’s literary panorama.

7. The E book of Mud Sequence

The E book of Mud sequence considerably impacts concerns of Philip Pullman studying order. Serving as each prequel and sequel to His Darkish Supplies, its placement presents distinctive challenges and alternatives. Chronologically, La Belle Sauvage, the primary installment of The E book of Mud, precedes His Darkish Supplies, depicting Lyra Belacqua’s infancy and the circumstances resulting in her arrival at Jordan School. This positioning encourages some readers to start with La Belle Sauvage for a complete understanding of Lyra’s origins and the broader context of her story. Nonetheless, others argue that His Darkish Supplies features because the supposed entry level, with The E book of Mud providing supplemental context and enriching subsequent rereadings. The 2 remaining volumes of The E book of Mud, The Secret Commonwealth and the yet-to-be-released remaining installment, comply with His Darkish Supplies chronologically, additional complicating discussions of optimum studying order. These novels discover Lyra’s maturity and proceed the exploration of themes launched within the unique trilogy, elevating questions on whether or not experiencing His Darkish Supplies first enhances or diminishes the influence of those later narratives.

The discharge of The E book of Mud prompted reassessments of established studying order suggestions. Beforehand, discussions centered totally on inner versus publication order for His Darkish Supplies and associated shorter works. The introduction of a brand new, interconnected sequence necessitated a broader perspective, contemplating the interaction between a number of timelines and narrative arcs. This complexity is mirrored in on-line boards and literary discussions, the place readers debate the deserves of various approaches. Some prioritize chronological consistency, advocating for beginning with La Belle Sauvage. Others keep that His Darkish Supplies offers important foundational context, recommending it as the start line no matter chronological placement. A 3rd perspective suggests flexibility, encouraging readers to decide on primarily based on private desire and desired studying expertise. As an example, readers primarily inquisitive about Lyra’s character improvement would possibly select a chronological strategy, whereas these looking for a extra centered exploration of Mud and its implications would possibly choose beginning with His Darkish Supplies.

Understanding the connection between The E book of Mud and His Darkish Supplies is essential for navigating Pullman’s work successfully. Whereas no single “right” studying order exists, knowledgeable selections require consciousness of chronological and narrative connections. The continued debate highlights the advanced interaction between publication historical past, narrative construction, and particular person reader preferences. Finally, recognizing The E book of Mud‘s affect on studying order discussions expands the potential for richer and extra significant engagement with Pullman’s advanced and evolving literary universe. The forthcoming remaining quantity of The E book of Mud will doubtless additional complicate these discussions, underscoring the dynamic nature of studying order concerns and the significance of knowledgeable alternative.

8. Goal Viewers (Age)

Reader age considerably influences advisable studying order for Philip Pullman’s works. Whereas his writing appeals to a broad viewers, sure narratives and thematic complexities resonate extra successfully with particular age teams. Understanding these nuances ensures a extra rewarding and age-appropriate studying expertise, maximizing engagement and comprehension.

  • Introducing Youthful Readers to Pullman’s Worlds

    For youthful or much less skilled readers, starting with shorter works, reminiscent of Clockwork or picks from Fairy Tales from the Brothers Grimm, offers an accessible entry level. These narratives supply partaking storylines and age-appropriate themes, making ready youthful audiences for the complexities of longer works like His Darkish Supplies. Such an strategy avoids potential overwhelm and fosters a gradual appreciation for Pullman’s writing model.

  • Navigating His Darkish Supplies with Adolescent Readers

    Adolescent readers usually join deeply with the themes of identification, insurrection, and self-discovery explored in His Darkish Supplies. Introducing the trilogy in its printed order permits for a gradual immersion into the advanced world-building and philosophical ideas, offering ample alternative for reflection and dialogue. This age group’s capability for vital considering permits for engagement with the trilogy’s nuanced exploration of morality and free will.

  • Participating Mature Readers with Advanced Themes

    Mature readers, outfitted with a broader understanding of literary and philosophical ideas, can admire the thematic depth and intertextual connections current throughout Pullman’s oeuvre. Exploring works like The Good Man Jesus and the Scoundrel Christ or The E book of Mud alongside His Darkish Supplies affords a richer understanding of recurring motifs and Pullman’s nuanced engagement with non secular and philosophical concepts. This viewers’s expertise permits for vital evaluation of Pullman’s difficult of typical narratives and his exploration of advanced ethical dilemmas.

  • Reconsidering Studying Order for Rereading

    Skilled readers revisiting Pullman’s work would possibly think about different studying orders, reminiscent of chronological or thematic approaches. This enables for a deeper appreciation of character improvement throughout interconnected sequence and a extra nuanced understanding of the evolution of Pullman’s literary model and philosophical inquiries. Revisiting His Darkish Supplies after exploring The E book of Mud, for example, affords a recent perspective on acquainted characters and themes.

Tailoring studying order to focus on viewers age maximizes engagement and fosters a deeper appreciation for Pullman’s various physique of labor. Consideration of age-appropriate themes and narrative complexities ensures that readers encounter Pullman’s narratives in a method that resonates with their particular person developmental stage and literary expertise, in the end enriching their understanding and pleasure of his work. A considerate strategy to studying order cultivates lifelong readers and fosters significant engagement with advanced literary landscapes.

Regularly Requested Questions

This part addresses widespread inquiries relating to navigating the works of Philip Pullman.

Query 1: Does studying order actually matter for appreciating Pullman’s work?

Whereas no single “right” order exists, a thought-about strategy enhances understanding of character improvement, thematic nuances, and interconnected narratives, notably between sequence like His Darkish Supplies and The E book of Mud. Totally different orders supply distinctive views, impacting the general studying expertise.

Query 2: What’s the advisable start line for brand spanking new readers?

His Darkish Supplies usually serves because the advisable entry level. Its compelling narrative and established reputation present a strong basis for exploring Pullman’s broader work. Nonetheless, standalone novels or curated collections of brief tales supply different introductions for diverse pursuits.

Query 3: Ought to The E book of Mud be learn earlier than or after His Darkish Supplies?

This stays a topic of ongoing dialogue. La Belle Sauvage, the primary installment of The E book of Mud, chronologically precedes His Darkish Supplies. Nonetheless, studying His Darkish Supplies first offers essential context that enriches the prequel’s influence. Finally, the selection is determined by private desire relating to chronological versus narrative-driven studying experiences.

Query 4: How do Pullman’s standalone novels match inside a advisable studying order?

Standalone novels supply flexibility. Their unbiased narratives enable placement between sequence or as unbiased explorations. Whereas thematic connections exist, they are often appreciated with out prior information of interconnected sequence, offering alternatives for focused exploration of particular themes or stylistic parts.

Query 5: Are companion books and supplemental supplies advisable?

Companion books, reminiscent of vital analyses or artwork collections, supply worthwhile insights into Pullman’s inventive course of and world-building. Nonetheless, their use requires warning on account of potential spoilers. Consulting these assets after finishing a sequence usually maximizes their enriching potential with out compromising the preliminary studying expertise.

Query 6: How does reader age affect advisable studying order?

Age-appropriateness performs an important function. Introducing youthful readers to Pullman’s work by shorter tales or age-appropriate variations prepares them for the complexities of longer narratives. Mature readers can have interaction with more difficult themes and intertextual connections, fostering a deeper appreciation for the breadth and depth of Pullman’s work.

Cautious consideration of those questions facilitates a extra knowledgeable and rewarding exploration of Philip Pullman’s literary panorama.

The next part explores particular studying pathways tailor-made to totally different reader preferences and objectives.

Optimizing the Philip Pullman Studying Expertise

Strategic planning enhances engagement with this writer’s advanced and interconnected works. The next ideas supply steerage for navigating varied studying pathways.

Tip 1: Prioritize His Darkish Supplies for Preliminary Exploration. This acclaimed trilogy serves as a wonderful entry level, introducing core themes and characters. Subsequent exploration of associated works advantages from established familiarity with this foundational narrative.

Tip 2: Contemplate Chronological Order for Enhanced Character Growth. Studying La Belle Sauvage (The E book of Mud) earlier than His Darkish Supplies offers worthwhile context relating to Lyra Belacqua’s origins. This strategy emphasizes character arcs and the unfolding narrative timeline.

Tip 3: Discover Standalone Novels for Thematic Depth. Works like The Good Man Jesus and the Scoundrel Christ supply unbiased narratives partaking with philosophical and theological ideas resonant with broader themes in Pullman’s oeuvre. These present worthwhile insights into his mental vary.

Tip 4: Make the most of Companion Books Strategically for Deeper Understanding. Assets like The Companion supply encyclopedic data relating to the world of His Darkish Supplies. Nonetheless, their use requires warning on account of potential spoilers. Consulting them after finishing the core narratives usually proves most useful.

Tip 5: Contemplate Reader Age and Maturity. Age influences applicable entry factors. Youthful readers would possibly start with shorter works or tailored variations earlier than tackling advanced narratives. Mature readers profit from exploring interconnected sequence and fascinating with difficult themes.

Tip 6: Embrace Flexibility and Private Choice. No single “right” studying order exists. Experimentation is inspired. Private preferences, thematic pursuits, and desired studying experiences ought to information navigation by Pullman’s works.

Tip 7: Re-reading Gives New Views. Revisiting Pullman’s works with totally different studying orders reveals new layers of that means and enhances appreciation for character improvement and thematic nuances. Exploring different pathways enriches subsequent encounters with acquainted narratives.

Strategic software of the following pointers cultivates a richer and extra rewarding engagement with Philip Pullman’s intricate literary panorama.

The next conclusion synthesizes key insights and encourages knowledgeable exploration of this writer’s compelling physique of labor.

Conclusion

Navigating the works of Philip Pullman presents a singular problem on account of interconnected narratives, thematic complexities, and various codecs. Understanding the implications of publication order, inner chronology, and the interaction between sequence like His Darkish Supplies and The E book of Mud proves essential for knowledgeable decision-making. Standalone novels and supplemental supplies additional enrich the studying expertise, providing various entry factors and alternatives for deeper exploration. Reader age and particular person preferences play important roles in figuring out optimum pathways, emphasizing the significance of customized approaches.

Finally, considerate consideration of those components unlocks the total potential of Pullman’s literary panorama. Strategic navigation enhances comprehension, deepens thematic engagement, and fosters a extra profound appreciation for the intricate tapestry of his work. An knowledgeable strategy empowers readers to embark on a rewarding journey by Pullman’s advanced and compelling fictional worlds.